Global Error Handling

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;

namespace MyApi.Middleware;

public class GlobalExceptionHandler(ILogger<GlobalExceptionHandler> logger)
    : IExceptionHandler
{
    public async ValueTask<bool> TryHandleAsync(
        HttpContext ctx,
        Exception exception,
        CancellationToken ct)
    {
        logger.LogError(exception, "Unhandled exception: {Message}", exception.Message);

        var problem = exception switch
        {
            ArgumentException => new ProblemDetails
            {
                Status = StatusCodes.Status400BadRequest,
                Title = "Bad Request",
                Detail = exception.Message
            },
            KeyNotFoundException => new ProblemDetails
            {
                Status = StatusCodes.Status404NotFound,
                Title = "Not Found",
                Detail = exception.Message
            },
            UnauthorizedAccessException => new ProblemDetails
            {
                Status = StatusCodes.Status401Unauthorized,
                Title = "Unauthorized",
                Detail = exception.Message
            },
            _ => new ProblemDetails
            {
                Status = StatusCodes.Status500InternalServerError,
                Title = "Internal Server Error",
                Detail = "An unexpected error occurred."
            }
        };

        problem.Extensions["traceId"] = ctx.TraceIdentifier;
        ctx.Response.StatusCode = problem.Status!.Value;

        await ctx.Response.WriteAsJsonAsync(problem, ct);
        return true;
    }
}

Program.cs

builder.Services.AddExceptionHandler<GlobalExceptionHandler>();
builder.Services.AddProblemDetails();